First Conditional

We are talking about the future. We are thinking particularly acerca a condition or situation in the future, and the result of this condition. There is a real Possibility That this condition will happen. For example, it is morning. You are at home. You plan to play tennis This Afternoon. But there are some clouds in the sky. Imagine That it rains. What will you do?

IFconditionresult present simpleWILL + base verbIfit rainsI will stay at home.

Notice That we are thinking acerca a future condition. It is not raining yet. But the sky is cloudy and you think That It Could rain. We use the present simple tense to talk about the possible future condition. We use WILL + base verb to talk about the possible future result. The important thing about the first conditional Is that there is a real Possibility That the condition will happen . Here are some more examples (do you remember the two basic structures: [IF condition result] and [result IF condition]?)

IFconditionresult present simpleWILL + base verbIfI see MaryI will tell her.IfTara is free tomorrowI will invite her.IfTheir They do not pass examTheir teacher will be sad.Ifit rains tomorrowwill you stay at home?Ifit rains tomorrowwhat will you do?

                           

resultIFconditionWILL + base verb present simpleI will tell MaryifI see her.I will invite Taraifshe is free tomorrow.Their teacher will be sadifThey do not pass Their exam.Will you stay at homeifit rains tomorrow?What will you doifit rains tomorrow?

                     

                                         

                                  EXAMPLES

We use the First Conditional to talk about future events that are likely to happen.

• If we take John, he'll be really pleased.
• If you give me some money, I'll pay you back tomorrow.
• If they tell us they want it, we'll have to give it to them.
• If Mary comes, she'll want to drive.

The 'if' clause can be used with different present forms.

• If I go to New York again, I'll buy you a souvenir from the Empire State Building.
• If he's feeling better, he'll come.
• If she hasn't heard the bad news yet, I'll tell her.

The "future clause" can contain 'going to' or the future perfect as well as 'will'.

• If I see him, I'm going to tell him exactly how angry I am.
• If we don't get the contract, we'll have wasted a lot of time and money.

The "future clause" can also contain other modal verbs such as 'can' and 'must'.

• If you go to New York, you must have the cheesecake in Lindy's.
• If he comes, you can get a lift home with him.

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http://annyamedina.lacoctelera.net/post/2009/10/30/first-conditional-exercises

The second conditional is like the first conditional. We are still thinking about the future. We are thinking particularly acerca a condition in the future, and the result of this condition. But there is not a real Possibility That this condition will happen. For example, you do not have a lottery ticket. Is it possible to win? No! No lottery ticket, no win! But maybe you will buy a lottery ticket in the future. So you can think acerca winning in the future, like a dream. It's not very true, but it's still possible.

IFconditionresult past simpleWOULD + base verbIfI won the lotteryI would buy a car.

Notice That we are thinking acerca a future condition. We use the past simple tense to talk about the future condition. We use WOULD + base verb to talk about the future result. The important thing about the second conditional Is that there is an unreal Possibility That the condition will happen .
Here are some more examples:
IFconditionresult past simpleWOULD + base verbIfI married MaryI would be happy.IfRam Became Richshe would marry him.Ifit snowed next Julywould you be surprised?Ifit snowed next Julywhat would you do?
resultIFconditionWOULD + base verb past simpleI would be happyifI married Mary.She would marry RamifI Became rich.Would you be surprisedifit snowed next July?What would you doifit snowed next July?

                                                   EXAMPLES

The Second Conditional is used to talk about 'impossible' situations.

• If we were in London today, we would Be Able to go to the concert in Hyde Park.
• If I had millions dollars, I'd give a lot to charity.
• If there were no hungry people in this world, it would be a much better place.
• If everyone had clean water to drink, there would be a lot less disease.

NOTE THAT after I / he / she / it Often we use the subjunctive form 'were' and not 'was'. (Some people think that 'were' is the only 'correct' form but other people think 'was' is Equally 'correct'.)

• If she were happy in her job, she would not be looking for another one.
• If I lived in Japan, I'd have sushi every day.
• If They were to enter our market, we'd have big problems.

Note the form 'If I were you' Which is Often used to give advice.

• If I were you, I'd look for a new place to live.
• If I were you, I'd go back to school and get more Qualifications.

Also The Second Conditional is used to talk about 'unlikely' situations.

• If I went to China, I'd visit the Great Wall.
• If I was the President, I'd reduce taxes.
• If you were in my position, you'd understand.

Note That the choice Between the first and the second conditional is Often a question of the speaker's attitude rather than of facts.Compare These examples. Otto thinks These things are possible, Peter does.

• Otto - If I win the lottery, I'll buy a big house.
• Peter - If I won the lottery, I'd buy a big house.
• Otto - If I get Promoted, I'll throw a big party.
• Peter - If I Got Promoted, I'd throw a big party.
• Otto - If my team win the Cup, I'll buy champagne for everybody.
• Peter - If my team won the Cup, I'd buy champagne for everybody.
  
  
  
  

  Note That the 'If clause' can Contain the past simple or the past continuous.

  • If I was still working in Brighton, I would commute by train.
  • If she were coming, she would be here by now.
  • If They were thinking of selling, I would want to buy.

  Note That the main clause can Contain 'would' 'could' or 'Might.

  • If I had the chance to do it again, I would do it differently.
  • If we met up for lunch, we Could Go To That new restaurant.
  • If I spoke to him Directly, I might Be Able to persuade him.

  
  

  Also note That sometimes the 'if clause' is implied rather than spoken.

  

http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/second-conditional-exercise-1.html

Los primeros condicionales condicionales y segundo habla sobre el futuro.Con el  tercer condicional  hablamos del  pasado  . Hablamos de un estado en el pasado que hizo  no  suceda. Es por eso que no hay posibilidad de que esta condición. El tercero es el condicional también como un sueño, pero con ninguna posibilidad  de que el sueño se haga realidad.

La semana pasada compró un billete de lotería. Pero no ganaste.

condiciones consecuencia  Past Perfect TENDRÍA + Pasado Participio IFI había ganado la lotteryI habría comprado un coche.

Nótese que estamos pensando en una condición de pasado imposible. No ganaste la lotería. Así que la enfermedad no era cierto, y esa condición particular nunca puede ser verdad, ya que se terminó. Usamos el tiempo pasado perfecto para hablar de la condición pasada imposible. Utilizamos habría + participio pasado para hablar sobre el resultado pasado imposible.Sobre lo importante es el Tercer condicional que tanto el estado y resultado son  imposibles  ahora.

A veces, uso que  debería haber  ,  podría tener  ,  podría tener  en lugar del  tendríamos  , por ejemplo, si había comprado un billete de lotería, que podría haber  ganado.

Mira algunos ejemplos más de las siguientes tablas:

IF condición resultado  past perfect TENDRÍA + participio pasado IFI había visto maryi habría dicho her.IfTara había sido libre yesterdayI habría invitado her.Ifthey no había pasado su maestro examtheir habría sido sad.Ifit había llovido yesterdaywould Ud. se ha hospedado en casa ¿Ifit había llovido yesterdaywhat habrías hecho?

resultado IF condición TENDRÍA + participio  pretérito perfecto yo habría dicho MaryifI había visto her.I habría invitado Taraifshe había sido profesor yesterday.Their libre habría sido sadifthey no había pasado su exam.Would te has alojado en homeifit había llovido ayer ¿Qué quieres que doneifit había llovido ayer?

                                       EJEMPLOS

Podemos usar el Tercer condicional para hablar de condiciones "imposibles", imposible, porque están en el pasado y no podemos cambiar lo que ha sucedido.

• Si hubiera trabajado más duro en la escuela, yo tengo mejores notas.
• Si hubiera tenido tiempo, habría ido a verlo. Pero yo no tengo tiempo.
• Si hubiéramos comprado esa casa, habríamos tenido que reconstruir la cocina.
• Si hubiéramos cogido el tren anterior, hubiéramos llegado allí a tiempo, pero llegamos tarde.

Observe que la cláusula principal puede contener "podría", "podría" o "podría.

• Si lo hubiera visto en la reunión, le habría preguntado. (Pero no estaba allí, así que no lo hice.)
• Si lo hubiera visto en la reunión, que podría haberle preguntado. (Pero no estaba allí, así que no era posible.)
• Si lo hubiera visto en la reunión, que podría haberle preguntado. (Pero no estoy seguro. Tal vez si hubiera surgido la oportunidad.)
• Si hubiera prestado más atención en clase, lo habría entendido la lección.

Observe también que a veces la 'cláusula if' se implica más que habla.

• Yo lo habría hecho. ("Si me hubieran preguntado, pero no lo hiciste.")
• Yo no he dicho eso. ("Si yo hubiera estado allí.")
• No habría dejar que se salga con la suya. ("Si hubiera intentado eso conmigo
• ." 

                                                                                     

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